双语：美国部分国家公园瓶装水禁令被解除
慧聪净水网TheTrumpadministrationhasendedasix-year-oldbanonsellingbottledwateratsomenationalparksthatwasaimedateasingplasticpollutionandthehugeamountofwastebeingrecycled.
特朗普政府结束了在一些国家公园售卖瓶装水的六年禁令,该禁令旨在减少塑料污染以及需要回收的大量废物。
InastatementthatcloselytrackedtheargumentsofacampaignbytheInternationalBottledWaterAssociation(IBWA)inoppositiontotheban,theNationalParkServicesaidthe2011actionundertheObamaadministration"removedthehealthiestbeveragechoiceatavarietyofparkswhilestillallowingsalesofbottledsweeteneddrinks."
在一份与国际瓶装水协会反对禁令活动言论紧密相关的声明中,美国国家公园管理局称,奥巴马政府的2011行动使各种公园里最健康的饮料选择消失了,但是仍然允许售卖瓶装甜饮料。"
Themovefollowsareviewofthepolicy"incloseconsultationwithDepartmentofInteriorleadership,"accordingtothestatementWednesday.Thedepartmentdeclinedtoelaborate.
据周三的一份声明,这一举措紧随"与内政部领导层密切协商"的政策回顾。该部门拒绝进行详细说明。
ThedecisioncamethreeweeksaftertheSenateconfirmationofDavidBernhardtasdeputyinteriorsecretary.BernhardtisaformerlobbyistwiththelawfirmBrownsteinHyattFarberSchreck,whichhasrepresentedoneofthelargestwaterbottlersintheUnitedStates,NestléWaters.
该决定紧随参议院确认大卫·伯恩哈特为副内政部长后三个星期。伯恩哈特(Bernhardt)是前律所布朗斯坦凯文·法伯·施雷克的游说者,该公司是美国雀巢最大的瓶装水商之一。
SomeDemocraticsenatorscalledBernhardta"walkingconflictofinterest"duringhisconfirmationhearing,becauseofhisworkonbehalfofcorporateinterestsopposedtoInteriorDepartmentregulationstopromotecleanairandwater.
一些民主党参议员在他的确认听证会上称伯恩哈特为"行走的利益冲突",因为他的工作所代表的公司利益有悖于内政部促进空气和水清洁的规章。
NestléWatersdisputedanyclaimthatBernhardtmighthaveactedonitsbehalf."Claims…thatNestléWatersNorthAmericaundulyinfluencedtheNationalParksServicetorescinditsbanonbottledwaterarecategoricallyfalse,"thecompanysaidinastatement."NooneintheGeneralCounsel’sofficeatNestlé…hasevermetorspokentoMr.Bernhardt,andfranklywasnotfamiliarwithhimuntiltheseirresponsibleclaimsweremade."
雀巢对伯恩哈特可能代表其提出的任何声明表示异议。该公司在一份声明中说:"声称雀巢北美公司不利地影响了国家公园服务局取消对瓶装水的禁令绝对是假的。直到这些不负责任的言论出现前,雀巢总法律顾问办公室没有人会见过或者与伯恩哈特先生交谈过,和他也不熟悉。"
Theadministration’scriticssawaninterestingcoincidence."UnderTrump,theDepartmentoftheInteriorappearstobeworkinghandinhandwiththebottled-waterindustrytodoitsbidding,"saidLaurenDeRushaFlorez,associatecampaigndirectorforCorporateAccountabilityInternational,anonprofitgroupsthattakesonthetobacco,fast-foodandfossil-fuelindustries.
当局的批评家看到了一个有趣的巧合。企业社会责任国际组织(烟草,快餐和石油行业非盈利组织)副总监劳伦称:"在特朗普领导下,内政部似乎与瓶装水行业携手合作做竞价。"
Theindustryassociationhailedthedecisionasrecognizing"theimportanceofmakingsafe,healthy,convenientbottledwateravailabletothemillionsofpeoplefromaroundtheworldwhowanttostaywellhydratedwhilevisitingnationalparks,"saidIBWAspokeswomanJillCulora."Consumptionofwaterinallforms-tap,filteredandbottled-shouldalwaysbeencouraged."
IBWA女发言人吉尔说:"行业协会赞扬了这一决定,该决定意识到了让全世界成百上千万游览国家公园并且想保持水分的人获得安全、健康、方便的瓶装水的重要性。用各种方式--龙头、过滤和瓶装--喝水都应该被鼓励。"
Initsnumerousargumentsagainsttheban,theassociationcommonlyreferencedthehealthofvisitorsbutrarelymentionedanotherkeyconsideration:profits.TheParkService’s411sitesdrawmorethan300millionvisitorsannually.
在反对禁令的许多争论中,协会通常提及访客的健康,但很少提到另一个关键的考虑因素:利润。公园管理局的411个站点每年吸引超过3亿人次。
Arecentstudyshowedthatofthemorethan9billiontonsofplasticproducedsince1950,thevastmajorityisstillaround.Yetonly2billiontonsareactuallystillbeingused,accordingtothestudy.
最近的研究表明,自1950年以来产生的塑料垃圾超过90亿吨,绝大多数仍然存在。据研究表明,目前只有20亿吨仍在使用中。
Therestisstuckasgarbageinlandfillsandaspollutionlitteringthelandanddeepoceans,whereithasbeendiscoveredinthemouthsofwhalesandthebelliesofdeadseabirdsthatmistookitforfood.Asmallamountiseliminatedinincinerators,whichcanproduceharmfulemissions,thestudysaid.Recyclingplasticbottlesonlydelaystheireventualtriptoatrashcontainer.
剩余的被当作垃圾堆放在垃圾填埋场里,也成为污染物充斥着土地和深海,在鲸鱼嘴巴和死海鸟的肚子里发现它们被误认为食物食用。研究称,焚化炉中可以消除少量垃圾,这可能会产生有害排放物。回收塑料瓶只会延迟它们最终丢入垃圾桶的时间。
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